The Hopewell are best known for their enormous effigy mounds, built all over the American midwest, many of which fell victim to agricultural activities of the American farmer and deliberate vandalism resulting from the collapse of the lost races myth (aka, moundbuilders theory).
Sources
The Hopewell Mica Claw illustrated in the figure is courtesy the Field Museum, part of their ongoing exhibit "Ancient Americas".Bernardini, Wesley. 2004 Hopewell geometric earthworks: a case study in the referential and experiential meaning of monuments. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 23(3):331-356.
Caldwell, Joseph R. 1964 Hopewellian Studies. In Scientific Papers. Robert L. Hall, ed. Springfield: Illinois State Museum.
Deuel, Thorne B. 1952 The Hopewellian Community. In Hopewellian Communities in Illinois; Scientific Papers volume 5. Thorne B. Deuel, ed. Pp. 249-270. Springfield: Illinois State Museum.
Smith, Bruce D. 1988. Hopewellian farmers of Eastern North America. 11th International Congress of Pre-and Protohistoric Sciences. Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C.
Struever, Stuart. 1972 An analysis of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere. In Social Exchange and Interaction. In Anthropological Papers. Gail L. Houart, ed. Pp. 47-79. Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.
This glossary entry is part of the Dictionary of Archaeology.
