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Early Modern Humans (Homo sapiens)

Homo sapiens first appeared in our world's history about 150,000 years ago, in Africa.
The Middle/Upper Paleolithic Transition in Europe at Kostenki
How old is the Middle/Upper Paleolithic transition in Europe? John Hoffnecker replies to some queries about the Kostenki site from John Hawks.
Pre-Aurignacian Levels Redated at Kostenki
Archaeological and chronological data from the Kostenki site in Russia have convinced researchers that beneath a previously identified 40,000 year-old Aurignacian component representing Early Modern Humans is an early, previously unknown Initial Upper Paleolithic component, with secure dates at least as early as any other known modern human occupation in Europe.
Aurignacian Period
The Aurignacian period (40,000 to 28,000 years ago) is an Upper Paleolithic stone tool tradition
Chatelperronian Period
The Châtelperronian period is the name given to similar Upper Paleolithic Neanderthal (probably) stone tool assemblages, from about 32,000 to 30,000 years ago.
Fauresmith Industries
Fauresmith industries in the name archaeologists have given to a stone tool manufacturing technique dated to 75,000 to 100,000 years before the present.
Luzia
From the Setor de Antropologia Biológica do Museu Nacional (SABMN), a page on Luzia, the 11,400 year old skull recovered from Lapa Vermelha rockshelter with very interesting facial characteristics. In Portuguese.
Makapans Valley
A website on the Australopithecine site, by the Makapansgat Management Committee.
Mousterian
The Mousterian industry is an ancient Middle Stone Age method of making stone tools, associated with our hominid relatives the Neanderthals in Europe and both Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis in Africa.
Out of Africa Hypothesis
The Out of Africa or African Replacement Hypothesis argues that every living human being is descended from a small group in Africa.
Paleontology
Paleontology is the study of prehuman animals and their lifeways; including dinosaurs and other long-dead animals but also early hominids, which is what we care about as archaeologists.
Race and Racism
The plague of racism was at first enhanced, and then debunked, by the study of anthropology. Too bad we can't seem to convince people that the idea that some people are better than others ought to be permanently shelved.
Roque St. Christophe, France
Perigordian cave site in France with occupations in the Middle Paleolithic and the Medieval period. The offical website of the research is in English and French.
Why Don't We Call Them Cro-Magnon Anymore?
Cro-Magnons are something that every kid hears about growing up; but scientists no longer use the term. What is a cro-magnon and why don't we use that term any more, and what do we use instead?
Ysterfontein
Ysterfontein is a deeply stratified Middle Stone Age/Mousterian site on the Atlantic Ocean side of South Africa, some 70 kilometers north of Cape Town. This is an article on PNAS by Richard Klein and associates.

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