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History of Agriculture - The First FarmersThe history of agriculture is written in archaeological sites throughout the world. The first farming communities practiced part-time agriculture, in gardens or patches, with varying levels of dependence on grown crops or tending and sheltering animals. The small settlements where the history of agriculture can be understood are located throughout the world and at different times in the world.
Abu Hureya, Syria (Sheep and goats, einkorn wheat)
Abu Hureyra is an archaeological site in the Euphrates valley of northern Syria, dated 9000-6000 BC, before, during and after the introduction of agriculture in the region. Coxcatlan Cave (Mexico)
Coxcatlan Cave is a rockshelter in the Tehuacan Valley of Mexico, and it was occupied by humans for nearly 10,000 years. Dereivka, Ukraine (Horse)
Dereivka is a Eneolithic (or Copper Age) village in the Dneiper Valley of the Ukraine, dated 3380-4570 BC, and important for the domestication of the horse. Funnel Beaker Culture
The Funnel Beaker Culture, called TRB for the abbreviation of its German name (Tricherrandbecher), is a subset of the Beaker culture (like Bell Beaker). Guila Naquitz, Mexico (Squash, bottle gourd)
The site of Guila Naquitz is an important one for the history of domestications in the New World. Hemuda, China (Rice, water buffalo)
Hemuda is a Neolithic archaeological site and the type site of the culture of the Yangtse River valley in China Jericho, Israel (Wheat)
Jericho (also called Tell es-Sultan) is the name of a tell situated on an ancient lake bed plain in what is known as the West Bank, Palestine. Krasnyi Yar, Kazakhstan (Horse)
Krasnyi Yar is a site in Kazakhstan where the earliest evidence yet for horse domestication has been discovered. Linearbandkeramik Culture (LBK)
The Linearbandkeramik Culture (LBK) is the name given by German archaeologist F. Klopfleisch in 1884 to the first true farming communities in central Europe, dated between between 5400 and 4900 BC. Thus, LBK is considered the first Neolithic cultures in the European continent. Mehrgarh, Pakistan (Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Wheat, Barley)
Mehrgarh is a Neolithic (7000-3200 BC) site in Baluchistan, Pakistan, evidence of early farming and pastoralism. Nabta Playa, Egypt (Cattle)
The archaeological site of Nabta Playa is a Neolithic occupation in Egypt, where the earliest to date evidence for the domestication of cattle has been identified. Nabta Playa, Egypt (Cattle)
Nabta Playa is an archaeological site in the western deserts of southern Egypt, where some of the earliest known evidence of domesticated cattle have been identified. Tehuacan Valley, Mexico (Maize and beans)
The Tehuacan Valley in the state of Puebla, Mexico, was the focus of a large-scale survey led by American archaeologist R.S. MacNeish during the 1960s. |
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