Shea, John J. 2001 The Middle Paleolithic: Early Modern Humans and Neanderthals in the Levant. Near Eastern Archaeology 64(1):38-64.
Shea, John J. 2003 The Middle Paleolithic of the East Mediterranean Levant. Journal of World Prehistory 17(4):313-394.
Shea, John J. 2003 Neandertals, competition, and the origin of modern human behavior in the Levant. Evolutionary Anthropology 12:173-187.
Shreeve, James 1996 The Neandertal Enigma: Solving the mystery of modern human origins. New York: Avon Books.
Slimak, Ludovic 2008 The Neronian and the historical structure of cultural shifts from Middle to Upper Palaeolithic in Mediterranean France. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(8):2204-2214.
Smith, Fred H. 1991 The Neandertals: Evolutionary dead ends or ancestors of modern people? Journal of Anthropological Research 47(2):219-238.
Smith, Fred H., Anthony B. Falsetti, and Steven M. Donnelly 1989 Modern human origins. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 32:35-68.
Sommer, Jeffrey D. 1999 The Shanidar IV 'Flower Burial': A re-evaluation of Neanderthal burial ritual. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 9(1):127-129.
Straus, Lawrence G. 1999 Iberia: Bridge or cul-de-sac? Implications of the Iberian record for the debate on the middle to upper paleolithic transition. Human Evolution 14(1-2):139-149.
Stringer, C. B., et al. 2008 Neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in Gibraltar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(38):14319–14324.
Stringer, Christopher and Clive Gamble 1994 Review Feature: In search of the Neanderthals: Solving the puzzle of human origins. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 4(1):95-119.
Thompson, Jennifer L. and Andrew J. Nelson 2000 The place of neandertals in the evolution of hominid patterns of growth and development. Journal of Human Evolution 38:475-495.
Trinkaus, E. 1986 The Neandertals and modern human origins. Annual Review of Anthropology 15:193-218.
Tzedakis, P. C., K. A. Hughen, I. Cacho, and K. Harvati 2007 Placing late Neanderthals in a climatic context. Nature 449:206-208.
Vallverdú, J., et al. 2005 Short human occupations in the Middle Palaeolithic level in of the Abric Romaní rock-shelter (Capellades, Barcelona, Spain). Journal of Human Evolution 48:157-174.
Villa, Paola 2001 Bone and ivory points in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic of Europe. Journal of Human Evolution 41:69-112.
Villa, Paola 2000 Stone tools in carnivore sites: The case of Bois Roche. Journal of Anthropological Research 56:187-215.
Wynn, Thomas and Frederick L. Coolidge 2004 The expert Neandertal mind. Journal of Human Evolution 46:467-487.


