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Leonard Woolley at the Royal Cemetery of Ur

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Plan of the Tomb of Queen Puabi
Plan of Queen Puabi's Tomb at Ur

Plan of Queen Puabi's tomb. The tomb chamber containing Puabi's bier, body and three attendants is at the top of the plan; the death pit with wooden chest, chariot, oxen and more attendants is at the bottom.

Iraq's Ancient Past: Rediscovering Ur's Royal Cemetery, Penn Museum

Queen Puabi's Tomb, PG/800, measured 4.35 x 2.8 meters and was built of limestone slabs and mud brick. On a raised platform in the tomb, a skeleton of a middle aged woman lay wearing an elaborate gold, lapis lazuli and carnelian headdress. She wore a huge pair of crescent-shaped golden earrings, and her torso was covered with gold and semi-precious beads.

Near the skeleton's right shoulder were found three lapis lazuli cylinder seals. Inscribed on one of the seals was the name Pu-abi, with the title "nin", translated as queen. A second seal is labeled "A-bara-gi", thought to be the name of Puabi's husband. Three additional complete skeletons and the skull fragment of a fourth were found in the tomb and are considered retainers, part of Puabi's royal court and/or servants who were sacrificed at her funeral. More retainers were discovered in the adjacent pit and ramps alongside Pu-abi's tomb: recent examination of the bones suggest that at least some of these had been menial laborers for most of their lives.

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